Course Objectives:
To teach students basic concepts and principles of physics, relate them to laboratory experiments
and their applications
Examination Scheme:
In Semester : 30 Marks
End Semester: 70 Marks
PR: 25 Marks
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Insem
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Syllabus
Unit I: Wave Optics
Impurities in water, hardness of water: Types, Units and Numericals. Determination of hardness (by EDTA method using molarity concept) and alkalinity, numericals. Ill effects of hard water in boiler – priming and foaming, boiler corrosion, caustic embrittlement, scale and sludge. Water treatment: i) Zeolite method and numericals ii) Demineralization method. Purification of water: Reverse osmosis and Electrodialysis.
Unit 2: Laser and Optic Fibre
Laser
- Basics of laser and its mechanism, characteristics of laser
- Semiconductor laser: Single Hetro-junction laser
- Gas laser: CO 2 laser
- Applications of lasers: Holography, IT, industrial, medical
Optic Fiber
- Introduction, parameters: Acceptance Angle, Acceptance Cone, Numerical Aperture
- Types of optical fiber- step index and graded index
- Attenuation and reasons for losses in optic fibers (qualitative)
- Communication system: basic building blocks
Advantages of optical fiber communication over conventional methods.
Unit 3: Quantum Mechanics
- De-Broglie hypothesis
- Concept of phase velocity and group velocity (qualitative)
- Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
- Wave-function and its physical significance
- Schrodinger’s equations: time independent and time dependent
- Application of Schrodinger’s time independent wave equation – Particle enclosed in infinitely deep potential well (Particle in RigidBox)
- Particle in Finite potential well (Particle in Non Rigid box) (qualitative)
- Tunneling effect, Tunneling effect examples (principle only): Alpha Decay, Scanning Tunneling Microscope, Tunnel diode
- Introduction to quantum computing
Unit 4: Semiconductor Physics
Free electron theory (Qualitative)
- Opening of band gap due to internal electron diffraction due to lattice Band theory of solids
- Effective mass of electron Density of states
- Fermi Dirac distribution function
- Conductivity of conductors and semiconductors
- Position of Fermi level in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors (with derivations based on carrier concentration)
- Working of PN junction on the basis of band diagram
- Expression for barrier potential (derivation)
- Ideal diode equation
- Applications of PN junction diode: Solar cell (basic principle with band diagram) IV Characteristics and Parameters, ways of improving efficiency of solar cell
- Hall effect: Derivation for Hall voltage, Hall coefficient, applications of Hall effect
Unit 5: Magnetism and Superconductivity
Magnetism
- Origin of magnetism
- Classification of magnetism on the basis of permeability (qualitative)
- Applications of magnetic devices: transformer cores, magnetic storage, magneto-optical recording
Superconductivity
- Introduction to superconductivity; Properties of superconductors: zero electrical
- resistance, critical magnetic field, persistent current, Meissner effect
- Type I and Type II superconductors
- Low and high temperature superconductors (introduction and qualitative)
- AC/DC Josephson effect; SQUID: basic construction and principle of working; Applications of SQUID
- Applications of superconductors
Unit 6: Non Destructive Testing and Nanotechnology
Non Destructive Testing
- Classification of Non-destructive testing methods
- Principles of physics in Non-destructive Testing
- Advantages of Non-destructive testing methods
- Acoustic Emission Testing
- Ultrasonic (thickness measurement, flaw detection)
- Radiography testing
Nanotechnology
- Introduction to nanotechnology
- Quantum confinement and surface to volume ratio
- Properties of nanoparticles: optical, electrical, mechanical
Applications of nanoparticles: Medical (targeted drug delivery), electronics, space and defense,
automobile
